- µÇÈë
- ×¢²á
- ÓÊÏäµÇÈë
- ÊÖ»úµÇÈë
- ÓÊÏä×¢²á
- ÊÖ»ú×¢²á
ÃÀ¹úÃûУ֮Âà ²Î¹Û×îÃÀѧ¸®ÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù´óѧ
ÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù´óѧÓÖÒëÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ø´óѧ£¬Î»ÓÚÃÀ¹úÐÂÔóÎ÷ÖݵÄÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù£¬ÊÇÃÀ¹úÒ»ËùÖøÃûµÄ˽Á¢Ñо¿ÐÍ´óѧ£¬°ËËù³£´ºÌÙÃËУ֮һ¡£Ñ§Ð£ÓÚ1746ÄêÔÚÐÂÔóÎ÷ÖÝÒÁÀöɯ°×Õò´´Á¢£¬ÊÇÃÀ¹úÖ³ÃñʱÆÚµÚËÄËù³ÉÁ¢µÄ¸ßµÈ½ÌÓýѧԺ£¬µ±Ê±ÃûΪ“ÐÂÔóÎ÷ѧԺ”£¬1747ÄêǨÖÁÐÂÔóÎ÷ÖÝ£¬1756ÄêǨÖÁÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù£¬²¢ÓÚ1896ÄêÕýʽ¸ÄÃûΪÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù´óѧ¡£
ÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù´óѧ£¬ÊÇÃÀ¹úµÚËĹÅÀϵĴóѧ¡£ÕâËùÊÀ½çÎÅÃûµÄ¸ßµÈѧ¸®£¬Óë¹þ·ð¡¢Ò®Â³²¢³Æ“³£´ºÌÙÈý¾ÞÍ·”¡£Ëü×øÂäÔÚŦԼºÍ·Ñ³ÇÁ½´ó³ÇÖ®¼äÒ»×ùÃÀÀöµÄСÕòÀ¶«±ô¿¨ÄÚ»ùºþ£¬Î÷¿¿ÌØÀ»ªºÓ¡£ºþ²´ºÓÁ÷»·ÈÆ£¬ÁÖľïÃܳÉÒñ£¬Ð¡ÕòµÄÌñ¾²ºÍ°²Ï飬ÎÄ»¯·ÕΧŨºñ£¬ÊÇÃÀ¹úÉϲãÈËÊ¿ÇàíùµÄ¾ÓסµØ¡£
ÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù´óѧµÄ½¨ÖþȺ£¬ÑÚÓ³ÔÚ²ÔËÉ´ä°Ø¹Åľ²ÎÌìµÄ»·±§Ö®ÖС£ÕâЩ¸èÌØʽµÄ½¨Öþ£¬´ó¶àÊý¶¼ÊÇ19ÊÀ¼ÍÄ©20ÊÀ¼Í³õÐÞ½¨µÄ¡£×î¹ÅÀ϶øÓÐÀúÊ·ÒâÒåµÄ½¨ÖþÎÊǼÍÄîÓ¢¹ú¹úÍõÍþÁ®ÈýÊÀÄÉË÷»Ê×åµÄ“ÄÉË÷ÌÔ¡£
ÆÕÁÖ˹¶ÙµØ´¦Å¦Ô¼ºÍ·Ñ³ÇÖ®¼ä£¬ÊÇÒ»×ù±ð¾ßÌØÉ«µÄÏç´å¶¼ÊС£Ð¡³ÇλÓÚÐÂÔóÎ÷ÖÝÎ÷ÄϵÄÌØÀ»ªÆ½Ô£¬Ãæ»ýԼΪ7ƽ·½¹«À¶«±ô¿¨ÄÚ»ùºþ£¬Î÷ÁÙÌØÀ»ªºÓ¡£ÆÕÁÖ˹¶ÙµÄ¾°É«ÓÄÑÅ£¬ËÄÖÜÂÌÊ÷³ÉÒñ¡¢Â̲ݴԴԣ¬Ç峺µÄºÓË®»·ÈÆ×ÅС³Ç¾²¾²Á÷ÌÊ£»ÆÕÁÖ˹¶ÙÈË¿ÚԼΪ3Íò£¬´ó¶àÊÐÃñÉú»î¸»Ô££»Ð¡³Ç½»Í¨·½±ã£¬¾àÀëŦԼºÍ·Ñ³ÇÖ»Ðè´óÔ¼1Сʱ³µ³Ì£¬¼ÓÉÏС³ÇÌñ¾²¶øÓÖ°²ÏêµÄÉú»î£¬Å¨Å¨µÄÎÄ»¯·ÕΧÁýÕÖϵĹó×åÆøÏ¢£¬Ê¹ÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù³ÉΪÃÀ¹úÉϲãÈËÊ¿ÇàíùµÄ¾ÓסµØ¡£
ÀúÊ·ÎÄ»¯
ÆÕÁÖ˹¶ÙУͼÊé¹ÝÄ¿Ç°ÓÐһǧһ°ÙÍò²ØÊé¡£Ö÷ÒªµÄ¹ÝÖ·ìÝʯͼÊé¹ÝÓµÓг¬¹ýÁù°ÙÍò²á²ØÊé¡£ÔÚìÝʯͼÊé¹ÝÖ®Í⣬Ðí¶à¶ÀÁ¢µÄѧ¿Æ£¨°üÀ¨½¨Öþѧ¡¢ÃÀÊõÀúÊ·¡¢¶«ÑÇÑо¿¡¢¹¤³Ì¡¢µØÖÊѧ¡¢¹ú¼Ê¹ØϵºÍ¹«¹²Õþ²ß£¬ÒÔ¼°½ü¶«Ñо¿£©Ò²¶¼ÓÐ×Ô¼ºµÄͼÊé¹Ý¡£´«Í³ÉÏ£¬Ã¿¸öÓÐÀúÊ·µÄѧ¿Æ¶¼ÔÚͼÊé¹ÝÓÐ×Ô¼ºµ¥¶ÀµÄÑо¿ÊÒ£¬¿É¹©±¾ÏµÑ§Éú¸÷×Բο¼×¨ÒµÊé¼®ºÍÑо¿×ÊÁÏ¡£
ÂÃÓÎÌØÉ«
ÑÇÀúɽ´ó»áÌÃÓµÓÐÊÀ½çÒ»Á÷ÒôÏìЧ¹ûµÄÒôÀÖÌü¡£ÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù´¦ÓÚŦԼºÍ·Ñ³ÇÖ®¼ä£¬ÊÇÒ»×ù¸»ÓÐÌصãµÄÏç´å³ÇÊС£·½Ô²7ƽ·½¹«ÀïµÄС³Ç´¦ÔÚÐÂÔóÎ÷ÖÝÎ÷ÄϵÄÌØÀ»ªÆ½Ô£¬¶«Î÷·½Ïò·Ö±ðÓп¨ÄÚ»ùºþºÍÌØÀ»ªºÓ¡£ºÓË®»·ÈÆ×ŵÄÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù¾°É«ÓÄÑÅ£¬ÖÜΧÊ÷ľ·±Ã¯£»ÆÕÁÖ˹¶ÙÈË¿ÚԼΪ3Íò£¬ÊÐÃñÆÕ±éÉú»î¸»Ô££»Ð¡³Ç½»Í¨·½±ã£¬¾àÀëŦԼºÍ·Ñ³ÇÁ½´ó³ÇÊзֱðÖ»Ðè´óÔ¼1Сʱ³µ³Ì£¬¼ÓÉÏС³ÇµÄÌñ¾²ºÍ°²Ï꣬ÒÔ¼°Å¨Å¨µÄÎÄ»¯·ÕΧ£¬Ê¹ÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù³ÉΪÃÀ¹úÉϲãÈËÊ¿ÇàíùµÄ¾ÓסµØ¡£
ÔÚ·½Ô²2.4ƽ·½¹«ÀïУ԰ÄÚ£¬Óкܶàºó¸çÌØʽµÄ½¨Öþ£¬´ó¶àÊý¶¼ÊÇ19ÊÀ¼ÍÄ©20ÊÀ¼Í³õÐÞ½¨µÄ¡£Ò»¶°¶°¶þ°Ù¶àÄêÇ°µÄ¸÷ʽ¸÷ÑùµÄ×÷Æ·ÑóÒç׏Ž¨ÖþµÄÃÀºÍѧÊõ³É¹ûµÄÉîºñÖ®Æø¡£
סËÞ¹¥ÂÔ
ÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù´óѧµÄ±¾¿ÆסËÞѧԺÊÇ°üº¬Ê³ËÞ¹¦ÄܵÄһϵÁн¨Öþ£¬ÓÉÒ»¡¢¶þÄ꼶ÒÔ¼°Ò»Ð©×¡Ë޹˾Óס¡£Ã¿¸öѧԺ¶¼°üÀ¨Ò»ÏµÁÐËÞÉᣬһ¼äʳÌã¬ÆäËüÉèÊ©£¨°üÀ¨×ÔÏ°ÊÒ¡¢Í¼Êé¹Ý¡¢Îę̀¡¢°µÊҵȵȣ©£¬ÒÔ¼°¹ÜÀíÈËÔ±ºÍÓйؽÌʦ¡£ÆÕÁÖ˹¶ÙÄ¿Ç°ÓÐÎåËùסËÞѧԺ¡£Âå¿Ë·ÆÀÕסËÞѧԺºÍÂêÜçסËÞѧԺ×øÂäÓÚУ԰Î÷±±£¬Á½ËùѧԺµÄѧԺ¸èÌØ·ç¸ñ½¨ÖþÓÉÓÚÆä´ú±íÐÔ¾³£Õ¼¾ÝѧУÐû´«Æ·µÄ°æÃæ¡£
´ËÍ⣬ÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù»¹ÓÐÒ»ËùÑо¿ÉúסËÞѧԺ£¬ÃûÔ»Ñо¿ÉúסËÞѧԺ£¬´¦Ôڱȸ£²¼Ë¹×¡ËÞѧԺ¸üÔ¶µÄУ԰½ÇÂä¡£¿ËÀï·òÀ¼ËþÊÇÕâһϵÁеÄѧԺ¸èÌؽ¨ÖþÖеĴú±í£¬Ò²Êǵ±µØÒ»¸öÊÀ½ç¼¶ÖÓÀÖ¶ÓµÄËùÔڵء£
×ßËÄ·½ÍƼöÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù´óѧÂÃÓÎÏß·£º
¡¾Å¦Ô¼¡¢²¨Ê¿¶Ù¡¢ÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù´óѧ¡¢¹þ·ð´óѧ°ËÈÕÈ«¼ÒÓΡ¿
¡¾²¨Ê¿¶Ù¡¢»ªÊ¢¶Ù¡¢ÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù´óѧ¡¢¹þ·ð´óѧÆßÈÕÎÄ»¯·çÇéÓΡ¿
-
ÃÀ¹úÃûУÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù´óѧ̽Ѱ°®Òò˹̹µÄ½Å²½
2016-11-29 01:23:36
-
°ÙÄêÃûУÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù´óѧ ÃÀ¹ú×îƯÁÁµÄ¹ó×åѧУ
2016-11-29 00:50:34
-
ÃÀ¹úÃûУ֮ÂÃÁìÂÔ¶¥¼¶ÔºÐ£µÄ±ðÑù·ç²É
2016-11-24 01:58:01
-
½ÌÓýÖ®¶¼²¨Ê¿¶ÙµÄÃûУ·ç²É ѧ¸®ÁÖÁ¢È˲ű²³ö
2016-11-24 01:49:43
-
ÃÀ¹úÓÎѧ̽·Ã²¨Ê¿¶Ù´óѧ Ò»ÀÀÊÀ½çÃûУµÄ·ç²É
2016-11-22 01:35:16
-
ÃÀ¹úÃûУ֮Âà ¸ÐÊÜÏíÓþÈ«ÇòµÄÃÀʽ½ÌÓý
2016-11-17 01:04:51
-
ÎÚÓÈÄáÑÎÕÓ£º³¬ÏêϸÂÃÓι¥ÂÔ£¬ÄÃ×ß²»Ð»£¡
2024-12-01 23:40:22
-
µÄµÄ¿¦¿¦ºþ£º°²µÚ˹¸ßÔÉϵÄÃλÃÖ®¾³
2024-12-01 22:33:13