- µÇÈë
- ×¢²á
- ÓÊÏäµÇÈë
- ÊÖ»úµÇÈë
- ÓÊÏä×¢²á
- ÊÖ»ú×¢²á
ÃÀ¹úÃûУ֮Âà ¸ÐÊÜÏíÓþÈ«ÇòµÄÃÀʽ½ÌÓý
ÔÚÿ¸öÈËÐÄÄ¿Öж¼ÓÐÒ»¸ö×Ô¼ºÏòÍùµÄѧÊõµîÌã¬Èç¹ûÌõ¼þÔÊÐíµÄ»°£¬Ë²»ÏëÈ¥µ½¸üºÃµÄ¸ßУÉîÔ죬˲»ÏëÈ¥ãåÔ¡¸ü´¿´âµÄѧÊõ·ÕΧ£¬Ë²»ÏëÈ¥ÁìÂÔ¶¥¼â¼¶µÄ½Ìʦ·ç²É£¿ÃÀʽ½ÌÓýÒ»Ö±ÏíÓþÈ«Çò£¬Òª²»Òª¼Æ»®Ò»Ï£¬À´Ò»³¡ÃÀ¹úÃûУѰÃÎÖ®Âã¿
¹þ·ð´óѧ£ºÍõÕßÖ®Íõ
ÃÀ¹úÓÐÖøÃûµÄ“³£´ºÌÙÃûУÁªÃË”£¬ËüÒѳÉΪ¶¥¼¶Ñ§Ð£µÄ´úÃû´Ê£¬ÊÇ¿ÆÑÐÄÜÁ¦ºÍѧÊõʵÁ¦µÄÏóÕ÷£¬¶ø¹þ·ð´óѧ¸üÊÇÁªÃËÖе±Ö®ÎÞÀ¢µÄÍõÕßÖ®Íõ¡£¹þ·ð´óѧӵÓÐÊý²»ÇåµÄ“µÚÒ»”£¬ËüÓµÓÐÈ«ÊÀ½ç´óѧÖÐ×î´óµÄͼÊé¹Ýϵͳ£¬¾Ý˵°ÑÀïÃæµÄÊé¼ÜÁ¬½ÓÆðÀ´£¬³¤¶È¿É´ï91¹«À½ö½öÊǽøͼÊé¹ÝÌåÑéÒ»·¬£¬¾ÍÄܸÐÊܵ½Å¨Å¨µÄѧÊõÆøÏ¢¡£
ÿλµ½¹þ·ðµÄÓοÍÒ»¶¨»áÈ¥Ô¼º²·¹þ·ðµÄµñÏñÇ°ºÏÓ°£¬¾Ý˵Ãþ¹ýËûЬ¼âµÄѧÉú¾ÍÓпÉÄÜÉϹþ·ð¶ÁÊ飬Òò´ËËÜÏñµÄ×óЬ¼âÒѾ±»°ÙÄêÀ´ÖÚ¶àÑöĽÕßÃþµÃÉÁÉÁ·¢¹â¡£ÍÏñµÄµ××ùÉÏ¿ÌÁËÈýÐÐ×Ö£º“Ô¼º²·¹þ·ð£¬´´Ð£Õߣ¬1638Äꔡ£Æäʵ£¬Ô¼º²·¹þ·ð²¢²»Êǹþ·ð´óѧµÄ´´Ð£Õߣ¬ËûÖ»ÊÇÖØÒªµÄÔÞÖúÕߣ¬Æä´Î£¬Ñ§Ð£Ò²²»ÊÇÓÚ1638Ä꽨Á¢£¬¶øÊÇ1636Ä꽨УµÄ£¬ÁíÍ⣬ÒòΪµ±Ê±ÕÒ²»µ½Ô¼º²·¹þ·ðµÄÕÕƬ£¬Ö»ºÃÁÙʱÌôÑ¡ÁËһλӢ¿¡µÄ±ÏÒµÉú×öÄ£Ìضù£¬½¨³ÉµÄµñËÜ£¬²¢²»ÊÇÔ¼º²·¹þ·ð±¾ÈË¡£Õâ¾ÍÊÇÈËÃdz£³£ÒýΪȤ̸µÄ“¹þ·ðÈý´ó»ÑÑÔ”¡£
Ү³´óѧ£ºÐÀÉͽ¨Öþ
ÔÚÃÀ¹ú£¬¸ÒÓں͹þ·ð½Ð°åµÄÖ»ÓÐҮ³´óѧÁË£¬ÕâÁ½Ëù´óѧÔÚѧÊõÉϵĻ¥²»ÏàÈ㬳ÉΪÃÀ¹ú½ÌÓý½çµÄÒ»µÀÁÁÀö·ç¾°¡£Í¬ÑùÃûÈ˱²³öµÄҮ³´óѧ£¬Ò²ÊÇÇÇÖη²¼Ê²ºÍ¿ËÁÖ¶Ù·ò¸¾µÄĸУ¡£Ò®Â³´óѧµÄУ԰»·¾³ÉõΪÖøÃû£¬Æ䲿·ÖÏÖ´ú½¨Öþ¸üÊǽ¨ÖþÊ·Öеĵ䷶£¬³£³£³öÏÖÔڽ̿ÆÊéÖС£
Ү³´óѧµÄ¹Å½¨Öþ¶¼Îª¸çÌØʽ·ç¸ñ£¬¶à½¨ÓÚ1917-1931Äê¼ä¡£´óÁ¿µÄ¸¡µñ¶¼Õ¹ÏÖÁ˵±Ê±µÄ´óѧÉúÉú»î״̬£¬ÓÐÔ˶¯Ô±¡¢ÓжÁÊéʱ´òî§Ë¯µÄѧÉúµÈµÈ¡£½¨ÖþʦΪÁËʹ½¨ÖþÏÔµÃÀϾɣ¬²ÉÓÃÁËÔÚʯÖÊǽÃæÉÏÆÃËá¡¢¹ÊÒâ´òÆƲ£Á§²¢ÇÒʹÓÃÖÐÊÀ¼ÍµÄ·½·¨²¹ºÏµÈÊÖ·¨¡£ÖµµÃÒ»ÌáµÄÊÇҮ³´óѧµÄ¹Å¼®ÉƱ¾Í¼Êé¹Ý£¬Êǵ±½ñÊÀ½çÉÏ×î´óµÄרÃÅÊղعż®ÉƱ¾µÄͼÊé¹Ý¡£Í¼Êé¹ÝµØÃæÒÔÉÏÁù²ãµÄÊé¿âÓÉÒ»¸ö²£Á§µÄÁ¢·½Ìå»·ÈÆ£¬¶ø²£Á§Á¢·½µÄÍâÃæÔòÓÐÒ»¸ö¸ü´óµÄÓëÖ®²»½Ó´¥µÄ“ºÐ×Ó”ÕÖס¡£Õâ×ù½¨ÖþµÄǽ±ÚÊÇÓÉÁ½Ó¢³ß¼û·½µÄ²ú×Ô·ðÃÉÌØÖݵİë͸Ã÷´óÀíʯ¹¹³É£¬Òò´Ë¿ÉÒÔʹ¹ÝÄÚ΢ÁÁ¶ø·ÀÖ¹Ñô¹âÖеÄÆäËüÓк¦ÉäÏßÆÆ»µ¹Ý²ØͼÊé¡£
¸çÂ×±ÈÑÇ´óѧ£ºã«ÒâÊæÐÄ
ͬÊô³£´ºÌÙÁªÃ˵ĸçÂ×±ÈÑÇ´óѧ£¬µØ´¦Å¦Ô¼ÊÐÂü¹þ¶ÙÇø£¬ÁÚ½ü¹þµÂÑ·ºÓ£¬ÔÚÖÐÑ빫԰±±Ã棬·ç¾°ÓÅÃÀ¡£ÊÇŦԼÊеēÊÀÍâÌÒÔ´”¡£ÔÚÅþÁÚ»ª¶û½Ö¡¢ÁªºÏ¹ú×ܲ¿ºÍ°ÙÀÏ»ãµÄ¸ç´ó¶ÁÊ飬ÓÐÒ»´óÓÅÊÆ£¬¾ÍÊÇÏà¶ÔÈÝÒ×ÔÚ¶ÁÊéµÄ¹ý³ÌÖÐÕÒµ½ÊʺÏ×Ô¼º·¢Õ¹µÄ»ú»á¡£
¸ç´óУ԰ÖÜΧÓкܶà³äÂúŦԼζµÄÖªÃû¾ôÊ¿À־ưɡ¢±íÑÝÖÐÐÄ¡¢¿§·ÈÌüµÈ£¬¶¼ÊÇÒ¹Éú»îµÄºÃÈ¥´¦¡£ÔÚУ԰Äڱ鲼µÄ´ó²Ýƺ¡¢Ð¡²Í¹Ý¡¢¹ºÎïÉ̳¡ºÍÔ˶¯ÖÐÐĵȵØÒ²ÊÇѧÉúÃÇ¿ÎÓàСЪ֮´¦¡£ÓοͲ»·ÁÀ´µ½Ñ§ÉúÃdz£³£Á÷Á¬Ö®Ëù£¬ºÃºÃÌåÑéÒ»·¬¸ç´óѧÉúµÄУ԰Éú»î¡£
˹̹¸£´óѧ£º¹ó×åÆøÖÊ
1884Ä꣬¼ÓÖÝÌú·´óÍõ˹̹¸£ÎªÁ˼ÍÄîÔÚÒâ´óÀûÓÎѧȾ²¡¶øÍöµÄ¶ù×ÓСÀûÀ¼·Ë¹Ì¹¸£Í¶×ÊÐ˽¨ÁËÒ»Ëù´óѧ£¬¼ò³ÆΪ˹̹¸£´óѧ¡£Ò»¸ö¶àÊÀ¼ÍÒÔÀ´£¬Ë¹Ì¹¸£´óѧÔÚ½ÌѧºÍ¿ÆÑÐÉϵijɾͣ¬Ê¹ËüõÒÉíÓÚÊÀ½çµÚÒ»Á÷´óѧµÄÐÐÁС£Ë¹Ì¹¸£´óѧûÓÐУÃÅ£¬ÑØ×űÊÖ±µÄÒ¬×ÓÊ÷´óµÀÇ°ÐУ¬Ô¶Ô¶¾ÍÄÜ¿´¼ûºìÍßÎݶ¥µÄ˹̹¸£Ð£Ô°Ö÷½¨Öþ¡£
˹̹¸£´óѧµÄÃæ»ýλ¾ÓÈ«ÃÀ´óѧÖеڶþ£¬½¨Öþ·ç¸ñ±ü³ÐÁË17ÊÀ¼ÍʱÎ÷°àÑÀµÄ´«µÀÌÃʽ½¨Öþ£¬ÏÔµÃÕû½à¶øÓÐÌØÉ«¡£²»ÏñÆäËü´óѧµÄ½¨ÖþÊÇ´óÔӻ⣬˹̹¸£´óѧµÄ½¨ÖþÒ»ÂɲÉÓûÆשºìÍß¡£ÍÁ»ÆÉ«µÄǽƤ´îÅäןìÉ«µÄÎݶ¥£¬ÓÐ×Å»ÊÊÒ¹ó×åµÄÆøÖÊ£¬ÓþµäµÄ·ç¸ñÑÝÒï×ÅÏÖ´ú»¯µÄÆøÏ¢£¬ÕÃÏÔ×ÅŨºñµÄÎÄ»¯µ×ÔÌ¡£
˹̹¸£´óѧУ԰µÄÖÐÐĹ㳡£¬ÊÇһƬÂÌÓÍÓ͵IJݵأ¬ÑøÑÛÖ®¼«£¬ÕâºÍ¼ÓÖݳ£Äê³äÅæµÄÑô¹âÊÇÃܲ»¿É·ÖµÄ¡£·ç¾°ÐãÀöµÄÖ²ÎïÔ°¡¢¸ßµµµÄ¸ß¶û·òÇò³¡£¬¸üÊÇ˹̹¸£µÄѧÉúÃÇ·ÅËÉÐÄÇéµÄºÃ³¡Ëù¡£
-
ÃÀ¹úÃûУÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù´óѧ̽Ѱ°®Òò˹̹µÄ½Å²½
2016-11-29 01:23:36
-
°ÙÄêÃûУÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù´óѧ ÃÀ¹ú×îƯÁÁµÄ¹ó×åѧУ
2016-11-29 00:50:34
-
ÃÀ¹úÃûУ֮ÂÃÁìÂÔ¶¥¼¶ÔºÐ£µÄ±ðÑù·ç²É
2016-11-24 01:58:01
-
½ÌÓýÖ®¶¼²¨Ê¿¶ÙµÄÃûУ·ç²É ѧ¸®ÁÖÁ¢È˲ű²³ö
2016-11-24 01:49:43
-
ÃÀ¹úÓÎѧ̽·Ã²¨Ê¿¶Ù´óѧ Ò»ÀÀÊÀ½çÃûУµÄ·ç²É
2016-11-22 01:35:16
-
ÃÀ¹úÃûУ֮Âà ²Î¹Û×îÃÀѧ¸®ÆÕÁÖ˹¶Ù´óѧ
2016-11-21 01:13:13
-
ÎÚÓÈÄáÑÎÕÓ£º³¬ÏêϸÂÃÓι¥ÂÔ£¬ÄÃ×ß²»Ð»£¡
2024-12-01 23:40:22
-
µÄµÄ¿¦¿¦ºþ£º°²µÚ˹¸ßÔÉϵÄÃλÃÖ®¾³
2024-12-01 22:33:13